UNIVERSITIES IN SWITZERLAND
===========================
ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology)
Federal Polytechnic School of LAUSANNE
University of GENEVA
University of ZURICH
University of BASEL
University of LAUSANNE
University of BERN
University of ST GALLEN (HSG)
This is a blog explaining the universities in the world . It explains both private and public universities. Apart from these there are private universities supported by various bodies and societies also exist. Most of the information shared would help out with the knowledge about the list, country and the universities.
Tuesday, August 10, 2010
Tuesday, August 3, 2010
TOP UNIVERSITIES IN GERMANY
UNIVERSITIES IN GERMANY
==========================
1.Technical University of MUNICH
2 HEIDELBERG University
3 Free University of BERLIN
4 Ludwig Maximilian - University of MUNICH
5 University of Fribourg
6 HUMBOLDT University of Berlin
7 University of Tübingen
8 RWTH AACHEN University
9 University of KARLSRUHE
10 University of Göttingen
11 University of STUTTGART
12 Technical University of BERLIN
13 Goethe University FRANKFURT
14 University of BONN
15 University of MANNHEIM
==========================
1.Technical University of MUNICH
2 HEIDELBERG University
3 Free University of BERLIN
4 Ludwig Maximilian - University of MUNICH
5 University of Fribourg
6 HUMBOLDT University of Berlin
7 University of Tübingen
8 RWTH AACHEN University
9 University of KARLSRUHE
10 University of Göttingen
11 University of STUTTGART
12 Technical University of BERLIN
13 Goethe University FRANKFURT
14 University of BONN
15 University of MANNHEIM
TOP UNIVERSITIES IN FINLAND
UNIVERSITIES IN FINLAND
=======================
University of Helsinki
University of Turku
University of Oulu
University of Tampere
University of Jyvaskyla
Tampere University of Technology
Helsinki University of Technology
Abo Akademi University
University of Joensuu
University of Vaasa
University of Kuopio
Lappeenranta University of Technology
University of Art and Design Helsinki
Sibelius Academy
University of Lapland
Oulu University of Applied Science
Evtek University of Applied Science
HAMK University of Applied Sciences
Helsinki School of Economics
Turku University of Applied Sciences
Helsinki Polytechnic Stadia
Turku University of Applied Sciences
Swedish School of Economics and Business
North Karelia University of Applied Sciences
Turku Centre for Computer Science
=======================
University of Helsinki
University of Turku
University of Oulu
University of Tampere
University of Jyvaskyla
Tampere University of Technology
Helsinki University of Technology
Abo Akademi University
University of Joensuu
University of Vaasa
University of Kuopio
Lappeenranta University of Technology
University of Art and Design Helsinki
Sibelius Academy
University of Lapland
Oulu University of Applied Science
Evtek University of Applied Science
HAMK University of Applied Sciences
Helsinki School of Economics
Turku University of Applied Sciences
Helsinki Polytechnic Stadia
Turku University of Applied Sciences
Swedish School of Economics and Business
North Karelia University of Applied Sciences
Turku Centre for Computer Science
TOP UNIVERSITIES IN DENMARK
UNIVERSITIES IN DENMARK
=======================
University of Copenhagen
Arhus University
Technical University of Denmark
Aalborg University
University of Southern Denmark
Copenhagen Business School
IT University of Copenhagen
Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University
Roskilde University
Aarhus School of Business University
University of Aarhus
Arhus University Hospital
Royal School of Library and Information Science
Danish University of Education
Engineering College of Aarhus
Cipenhagen Polytechnic
University College Vitus Bering
Copenhagen University College of Engineering, Lautrupvang
Odense Technical College
Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences
National Unviersity Hospital Rigshopitalet
Aarhus Technical College
The Royal Academy of Fine Arts
School of Architecture
Tietgen Business College
Aalborg Technical College
Technical Education Copenhagen
=======================
University of Copenhagen
Arhus University
Technical University of Denmark
Aalborg University
University of Southern Denmark
Copenhagen Business School
IT University of Copenhagen
Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University
Roskilde University
Aarhus School of Business University
University of Aarhus
Arhus University Hospital
Royal School of Library and Information Science
Danish University of Education
Engineering College of Aarhus
Cipenhagen Polytechnic
University College Vitus Bering
Copenhagen University College of Engineering, Lautrupvang
Odense Technical College
Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences
National Unviersity Hospital Rigshopitalet
Aarhus Technical College
The Royal Academy of Fine Arts
School of Architecture
Tietgen Business College
Aalborg Technical College
Technical Education Copenhagen
Monday, August 2, 2010
ABOUT TOEFL by "Mr. Krishna CH"
TOEFL-TEST OF ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
What is TOEFL?
The Test of English as a Foreign Language scrutinizes the ability of an individual to use and understand English in an academics.This is one of the admission requirements for non-native English speakers at many English speaking colleges and universities.
Additionally, institutions such as government agencies, businesses, or scholarship programs may require this test. A TOEFL score is valid for two years and then will no longer be officially reported since a candidate's language proficiency could have significantly changed since the date of the test. Colleges and universities usually consider only the most recent TOEFL score.
The TOEFL test is conducted by Educational Testing Service (ETS) and is administered worldwide. The TOEFL Committee of Examiners is composed of 12 specialists in linguistics, language testing, teaching or research. Its main responsibility is to advice on TOEFL test content. The committee helps ensure the test is a valid measure of English language proficiency reflecting current trends and methodologies.
Different Modules
Formats and Contents
•Internet-Based Test
•Paper-Based Test
Test Scores
•Internet-Based Test
•Paper-based Test
Registration
References
•1 Formats and contents
o1.1 Internet-Based Test
o1.2 Paper-Based Test
•2 Test Scores
o2.1 Internet-Based Test
o2.2 Paper-Based Test
•3 Registration
•4 References
•5 Further reading
•6 See also
•7 External links
Formats and Contents
Internet-Based Test
Since its introduction in late 2005, the Internet-Based test (iBT) has progressively replaced both the computer-based (CBT) and paper-based (PBT) tests, although paper-based testing is still used in select areas. The iBT has been introduced in phases, with the United States, Canada, France, Germany, and Italy in 2005 and the rest of the world in 2006, with test centers added regularly. The CBT was discontinued in September 2006 and these scores are no longer valid.
Although initially, the demand for test seats was higher than availability, and candidates had to wait for months, it is now possible to take the test within one to four weeks in most countries. The four-hour test consists of four sections, each measuring one of the basic language skills (while some tasks require integrating multiple skills) and all tasks focus on language used in an academic, higher-education environment. Note-taking is allowed during the iBT. The test cannot be taken more than once a week.
1.Reading
The Reading section consists of 3–5 passages, each approximately 700 words in length and questions about the passages. The passages are on academic topics; they are the kind of material that might be found in an undergraduate university textbook. Passages require understanding of rhetorical functions such as cause-effect, compare-contrast and argumentation. Students answer questions about main ideas, details, inferences, essential information, sentence insertion, vocabulary, rhetorical purpose and overall ideas. New types of questions in the iBT require filling out tables or completing summaries. Prior knowledge of the subject under discussion is not necessary to come to the correct answer.
2.Listening
The Listening section consists of 6 passages, 3–5 minutes in length and questions about the passages. These passages include 2 student conversations and 4 academic lectures or discussions. A conversation involves 2 speakers, a student and either a professor or a campus service provider. A lecture is a self-contained portion of an academic lecture, which may involve student participation and does not assume specialized background knowledge in the subject area. Each conversation and lecture stimulus is heard only once. Test takers may take notes while they listen and they may refer to their notes when they answer the questions. Each conversation is associated with 5 questions and each lecture with 6. The questions are meant to measure the ability to understand main ideas, important details, implications, relationships between ideas, organization of information, speaker purpose and speaker attitude.
3.Speaking
The Speaking section consists of 6 tasks, 2 independent tasks and 4 integrated tasks. In the 2 independent tasks, test takers answer opinion questions on familiar topics. They are evaluated on their ability to speak spontaneously and convey their ideas clearly and coherently. In 2 of the integrated tasks, test takers read a short passage, listen to an academic course lecture or a conversation about campus life and answer a question by combining appropriate information from the text and the talk. In the 2 remaining integrated tasks, test takers listen to an academic course lecture or a conversation about campus life and then respond to a question about what they heard. In the integrated tasks, test takers are evaluated on their ability to appropriately synthesize and effectively convey information from the reading and listening material. Test takers may take notes as they read and listen and may use their notes to help prepare their responses. Test takers are given a short preparation time before they have to begin speaking.
4.Writing
The Writing section measures a test taker's ability to write in an academic setting and consists of 2 tasks, 1 integrated task and 1 independent task. In the integrated task, test takers read a passage on an academic topic and then listen to a speaker discuss the same topic. The test taker will then write a summary about the important points in the listening passage and explain how these relate to the key points of the reading passage. In the independent task, test takers must write an essay that states, explains and supports their opinion on an issue, supporting their opinions or choices, rather than simply listing personal preferences or choices.
Task Description Approx. time
READING 3–5 passages, each containing 12–14 questions 60–100 minutes
LISTENING6–9 passages, each containing 5–6 questions 60–90 minutes
BREAK 10 minutes
SPEAKING 6 tasks and 6 questions 20 minutes
WRITING 2 tasks and 2 questions 55 minutes
It should be noted that one of the sections of the test will include extra, uncounted material. Educational Testing Service includes extra material in order to pilot test questions for future test forms. When test-takers are given a longer section, they should give equal effort to all of the questions because they do not know which question will count and which will be considered extra. For example, if there are four reading passages instead of three, then three of those passages will count and one of the passages will not be counted. Any of the four passages could be the uncounted one.
Paper-Based Test
In areas where the internet-based test is not available, a paper-based test (PBT) is given. Test takers must register in advance either online or by using the registration form provided in the Supplemental Paper TOEFL Bulletin. They should register in advance of the given deadlines to ensure a place because the test centers have limited seating and may fill up early. Tests are administered on fixed dates 6 times each year.
The test is 3 hours long and all test sections can be taken on the same day. Students can take the test as many times as they wish. However, colleges and universities usually consider only the most recent score.
1.Listening (30–40 minutes)
The Listening section consists of 3 parts. The first one contains 30 questions about short conversations. The second part has 8 questions about longer conversations. The last part asks 12 questions about lectures or talks.
2.Structure and Written Expression (25 minutes)
The Structure and Written Expression section has 15 exercises of completing sentences correctly and 25 exercises of identifying errors.
3.Reading Comprehension (55 minutes)
The Reading Comprehension section has 50 questions about reading passages.
4.Writing (30 minutes)
The Writing section is one essay with 250–300 words in average.
Test Scores
Internet-Based Test
•The iBT version of the TOEFL test is scored on a scale of 0 to 120 points.
•Each of the four sections (Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing) receives a scaled score from 0 to 30. The scaled scores from the four sections are added together to determine the total score.
•Speaking is initially given a score of 0 to 4, and writing is initially given a score of 0 to 5. These scores are converted to scaled scores of 0 to 30.
Paper-Based Test
•The final PBT score ranges between 310 and 677 and is based on three subscores: Listening (31–68), Structure (31–68), and Reading (31–67). Unlike the CBT, the score of the Writing section (referred to as the Test of Written English, TWE) is not part of the final score; instead, it is reported separately on a scale of 0–6.
•The score test takers receive on the Listening, Structure and Reading parts of the TOEFL test is not the percentage of correct answers. The score is converted to take into account the fact that some tests are more difficult than others. The converted scores correct these differences. Therefore, the converted score is a more accurate reflection of the ability than the correct answer score is.
Most colleges use TOEFL scores as only one factor in their admission process. A sampling of required TOEFL admissions scores shows that a total score of 74.2 for undergraduate admissions and 82.6 for graduate admissions may be required. It is recommended that students check with their prospective institutions directly to understand TOEFL admissions requirements.
ETS has released tables to convert between iBT, CBT and PBT scores.
Registration
•The first step in the registration process is to obtain a copy of the TOEFL Information Bulletin. This bulletin can be obtained by downloading it or ordering it from the TOEFL website.
•From the bulletin, it is possible to determine when and where the iBT version of the TOEFL test will be given.
•Procedures for completing the registration form and submitting it are listed in the TOEFL Information Bulletin. These procedures must be followed exactly.
What is TOEFL?
The Test of English as a Foreign Language scrutinizes the ability of an individual to use and understand English in an academics.This is one of the admission requirements for non-native English speakers at many English speaking colleges and universities.
Additionally, institutions such as government agencies, businesses, or scholarship programs may require this test. A TOEFL score is valid for two years and then will no longer be officially reported since a candidate's language proficiency could have significantly changed since the date of the test. Colleges and universities usually consider only the most recent TOEFL score.
The TOEFL test is conducted by Educational Testing Service (ETS) and is administered worldwide. The TOEFL Committee of Examiners is composed of 12 specialists in linguistics, language testing, teaching or research. Its main responsibility is to advice on TOEFL test content. The committee helps ensure the test is a valid measure of English language proficiency reflecting current trends and methodologies.
Different Modules
Formats and Contents
•Internet-Based Test
•Paper-Based Test
Test Scores
•Internet-Based Test
•Paper-based Test
Registration
References
•1 Formats and contents
o1.1 Internet-Based Test
o1.2 Paper-Based Test
•2 Test Scores
o2.1 Internet-Based Test
o2.2 Paper-Based Test
•3 Registration
•4 References
•5 Further reading
•6 See also
•7 External links
Formats and Contents
Internet-Based Test
Since its introduction in late 2005, the Internet-Based test (iBT) has progressively replaced both the computer-based (CBT) and paper-based (PBT) tests, although paper-based testing is still used in select areas. The iBT has been introduced in phases, with the United States, Canada, France, Germany, and Italy in 2005 and the rest of the world in 2006, with test centers added regularly. The CBT was discontinued in September 2006 and these scores are no longer valid.
Although initially, the demand for test seats was higher than availability, and candidates had to wait for months, it is now possible to take the test within one to four weeks in most countries. The four-hour test consists of four sections, each measuring one of the basic language skills (while some tasks require integrating multiple skills) and all tasks focus on language used in an academic, higher-education environment. Note-taking is allowed during the iBT. The test cannot be taken more than once a week.
1.Reading
The Reading section consists of 3–5 passages, each approximately 700 words in length and questions about the passages. The passages are on academic topics; they are the kind of material that might be found in an undergraduate university textbook. Passages require understanding of rhetorical functions such as cause-effect, compare-contrast and argumentation. Students answer questions about main ideas, details, inferences, essential information, sentence insertion, vocabulary, rhetorical purpose and overall ideas. New types of questions in the iBT require filling out tables or completing summaries. Prior knowledge of the subject under discussion is not necessary to come to the correct answer.
2.Listening
The Listening section consists of 6 passages, 3–5 minutes in length and questions about the passages. These passages include 2 student conversations and 4 academic lectures or discussions. A conversation involves 2 speakers, a student and either a professor or a campus service provider. A lecture is a self-contained portion of an academic lecture, which may involve student participation and does not assume specialized background knowledge in the subject area. Each conversation and lecture stimulus is heard only once. Test takers may take notes while they listen and they may refer to their notes when they answer the questions. Each conversation is associated with 5 questions and each lecture with 6. The questions are meant to measure the ability to understand main ideas, important details, implications, relationships between ideas, organization of information, speaker purpose and speaker attitude.
3.Speaking
The Speaking section consists of 6 tasks, 2 independent tasks and 4 integrated tasks. In the 2 independent tasks, test takers answer opinion questions on familiar topics. They are evaluated on their ability to speak spontaneously and convey their ideas clearly and coherently. In 2 of the integrated tasks, test takers read a short passage, listen to an academic course lecture or a conversation about campus life and answer a question by combining appropriate information from the text and the talk. In the 2 remaining integrated tasks, test takers listen to an academic course lecture or a conversation about campus life and then respond to a question about what they heard. In the integrated tasks, test takers are evaluated on their ability to appropriately synthesize and effectively convey information from the reading and listening material. Test takers may take notes as they read and listen and may use their notes to help prepare their responses. Test takers are given a short preparation time before they have to begin speaking.
4.Writing
The Writing section measures a test taker's ability to write in an academic setting and consists of 2 tasks, 1 integrated task and 1 independent task. In the integrated task, test takers read a passage on an academic topic and then listen to a speaker discuss the same topic. The test taker will then write a summary about the important points in the listening passage and explain how these relate to the key points of the reading passage. In the independent task, test takers must write an essay that states, explains and supports their opinion on an issue, supporting their opinions or choices, rather than simply listing personal preferences or choices.
Task Description Approx. time
READING 3–5 passages, each containing 12–14 questions 60–100 minutes
LISTENING6–9 passages, each containing 5–6 questions 60–90 minutes
BREAK 10 minutes
SPEAKING 6 tasks and 6 questions 20 minutes
WRITING 2 tasks and 2 questions 55 minutes
It should be noted that one of the sections of the test will include extra, uncounted material. Educational Testing Service includes extra material in order to pilot test questions for future test forms. When test-takers are given a longer section, they should give equal effort to all of the questions because they do not know which question will count and which will be considered extra. For example, if there are four reading passages instead of three, then three of those passages will count and one of the passages will not be counted. Any of the four passages could be the uncounted one.
Paper-Based Test
In areas where the internet-based test is not available, a paper-based test (PBT) is given. Test takers must register in advance either online or by using the registration form provided in the Supplemental Paper TOEFL Bulletin. They should register in advance of the given deadlines to ensure a place because the test centers have limited seating and may fill up early. Tests are administered on fixed dates 6 times each year.
The test is 3 hours long and all test sections can be taken on the same day. Students can take the test as many times as they wish. However, colleges and universities usually consider only the most recent score.
1.Listening (30–40 minutes)
The Listening section consists of 3 parts. The first one contains 30 questions about short conversations. The second part has 8 questions about longer conversations. The last part asks 12 questions about lectures or talks.
2.Structure and Written Expression (25 minutes)
The Structure and Written Expression section has 15 exercises of completing sentences correctly and 25 exercises of identifying errors.
3.Reading Comprehension (55 minutes)
The Reading Comprehension section has 50 questions about reading passages.
4.Writing (30 minutes)
The Writing section is one essay with 250–300 words in average.
Test Scores
Internet-Based Test
•The iBT version of the TOEFL test is scored on a scale of 0 to 120 points.
•Each of the four sections (Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing) receives a scaled score from 0 to 30. The scaled scores from the four sections are added together to determine the total score.
•Speaking is initially given a score of 0 to 4, and writing is initially given a score of 0 to 5. These scores are converted to scaled scores of 0 to 30.
Paper-Based Test
•The final PBT score ranges between 310 and 677 and is based on three subscores: Listening (31–68), Structure (31–68), and Reading (31–67). Unlike the CBT, the score of the Writing section (referred to as the Test of Written English, TWE) is not part of the final score; instead, it is reported separately on a scale of 0–6.
•The score test takers receive on the Listening, Structure and Reading parts of the TOEFL test is not the percentage of correct answers. The score is converted to take into account the fact that some tests are more difficult than others. The converted scores correct these differences. Therefore, the converted score is a more accurate reflection of the ability than the correct answer score is.
Most colleges use TOEFL scores as only one factor in their admission process. A sampling of required TOEFL admissions scores shows that a total score of 74.2 for undergraduate admissions and 82.6 for graduate admissions may be required. It is recommended that students check with their prospective institutions directly to understand TOEFL admissions requirements.
ETS has released tables to convert between iBT, CBT and PBT scores.
Registration
•The first step in the registration process is to obtain a copy of the TOEFL Information Bulletin. This bulletin can be obtained by downloading it or ordering it from the TOEFL website.
•From the bulletin, it is possible to determine when and where the iBT version of the TOEFL test will be given.
•Procedures for completing the registration form and submitting it are listed in the TOEFL Information Bulletin. These procedures must be followed exactly.
ABOUT GRE by "Mr. Krishna CH"
GRE-Graduate Record Examination
WHAT IS GRE?
The Graduate Record Examination or GRE is a Computer Adaptive Test(CAT) that is required for admission for many graduate schools principally in the United States of America and many other English-speaking countries in the world].This prestigious test is being administered by Educational Testing Service (or ETS) since 1949. The exam is primarily focused on testing abstract thinking skills in the areas of mathematics, vocabulary, and analytical writing. The GRE is typically a computer-based exam that is administered by select qualified testing centers; however, paper-based exams are offered in areas of the world that lack the technological requirements.
In the admissions process of different graduate schools, the level of emphasis that is placed upon GRE scores varies widely between schools and between departments within schools. The importance of a GRE score can range from being a mere admission formality to an important selection factor.
There are many critics that the exam format is so rigid that it effectively tests only how well a student can conform to a standardized test taking procedure. The ETS responded by announcing plans in 2006 to radically redesign the test structure starting in the fall of 2007. The new questions have been gradually introduced since November 2007.The cost of the general test is 180$ as of September 2009.This test is conducted by Prometric Solutions which has its branches all over India. The GRE score is valid f or 5 years.
STRUCTURE OF GRE:
Analytical Section
•Issue Task
•Argument Task
Verbal Section
Quantitative Section
Analytical Section
•Issue Task
•Argument Task
Experimental Section
SECTIONS:
The exam consists of four sections. The first section is a writing section, while the other is multiple choice patterns. The multiple choice questions will test the quantitative and verbal skills of the student. The third section is optional and is not included in the reported score. After the analytical section, we may get Quantative section or verbal section not necessarily in the same order. The entire test takes 4 hours. Each of the section, the quantative or verbal section has a maximum score of 800 and minimum score of 200.The total score is up to 1600.The result of the analytical section is graded from 1.0 -6.0.All the questions should be attempted so that you may not lose marks. There is no negative marking but you will lose marks if you don’t attempt any question.
Verbal Section
All the questions in this section are in the multiple choice questions. The questions consist of Analogies, Antonyms, Sentence Completion and Reading Comprehension which may randomly. In a typical examination, this section consists of 30 questions and 30 minutes is given to complete this section. The questions usually composed of 8-10 questions about antinyms, 6-8 analogy questions, 5-7 sentence completions and 8-10 questions in reading comprehension.
Quantitative Section
All the questions in this section are of multiple choice questions. Usually this is the highly scoring section. The questions in this section test high school level mathematics. In a typical examination, this section contains 28 question and 45 minutes is given to complete this section. This section comprises of 14 quantative comparison questions, 10 discrete quantative questions and 4 data interpretation questions.
Analytical writing section
The Analytical Writing Section consists of two different essays, an “issue task” and an “argument task”. The Writing Section is graded on a scale of 0-6.The essays are written on a computer using a word program specifically designated by ETS. Each essay is scored by at least two readers on six point scale.
Issue Task
The test taker will be able to choose between two topics given to write the essay. The time allowed for this essay is 45 minutes. The issue may be from any of the general topics.
Argument Task
The test taker will be given two arguments and will be asked to write any one of the two. In this section you have to write an essay that critiques the argument and to make suggestions about how to improve the logic of the argument.
Experimental section
This section is an optional one. The questions can be either verbal or quantative. Although, the experimental section does not account to the real score, it is unidentified and appears identical to the real part of the test. As test-takers have no clear way of knowing which section is experimental, they are forced to complete this section. This section does not appear on all GRE examinations.
Reference :
www.eduers.com
www.studentsrunway.com
www.greguide.com
www.drrajusgre.com
www.grepracticetests.com
Official sites:
www.ets.org
www.prometric.com
TOP UNIVERSITIES IN SWEDEN
UNIVERSITIES IN SWEDEN
=======================
1 LUND University
2 UPPSALA University
3 Kth, ROYAL INSTITUTE of Technology
4 University of GOTHENBURG
5 CHALMERS University of Technology
6 STOCKHOLM University
7 STOCKHOLM School of Economics
8 Umeå University
9 Linköping University
Other Universities
=====================
Mälardalen University
Malmö University
Luleå University of Technology
Örebro University
Karlstad University
Halmstad University
Gothenburg University
Chalmers University of Technology
=======================
1 LUND University
2 UPPSALA University
3 Kth, ROYAL INSTITUTE of Technology
4 University of GOTHENBURG
5 CHALMERS University of Technology
6 STOCKHOLM University
7 STOCKHOLM School of Economics
8 Umeå University
9 Linköping University
Other Universities
=====================
Mälardalen University
Malmö University
Luleå University of Technology
Örebro University
Karlstad University
Halmstad University
Gothenburg University
Chalmers University of Technology
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